A 13-year-old girl with a body mass index of 35 kg/m² and a history of moderate persistent asthma presents with fever and cough for two days. A rapid test confirms SARS-CoV-2 infection. To reduce her risk of progressing to severe COVID-19, which of the following is the most appropriate outpatient treatment?
A 10-year-old child with a heavy Trichuris trichiura infection presents with chronic dysentery. In contrast to a heavy hookworm infection, what are the typical findings regarding blood loss and eosinophilia in trichuriasis?
A 4-week-old infant presents with fever and is diagnosed with late-onset Group B Streptococcus (GBS) bacteremia. In contrast to early-onset GBS disease, what is a characteristic feature of late-onset GBS disease?
A 6-year-old unimmunized child presents with high fever, sore throat, drooling, and respiratory distress, preferring to sit in a “tripod” position. A lateral neck radiograph confirms the diagnosis of supraglottitis. What is the most critical initial step in management?
A 7-month-old infant was born to an HIV-infected mother. Multiple tests have been performed, but HIV infection has not yet been definitively ruled out. What is the most appropriate management regarding Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) prophylaxis for this infant?
A pediatrician is preparing to administer routine adolescent immunizations to a healthy 11-year-old boy who has not received any doses of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. According to current recommendations, what is the appropriate schedule for the HPV vaccine series for this child?
The diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti often relies on the demonstration of microfilariae in the blood. Due to the parasite’s periodicity, when is the optimal time to collect a blood sample?
A family brings their 1-year-old son to the emergency department with a 2-day history of watery diarrhea, vomiting, and fever. The parents mention their older daughter recently received a small turtle with a 3-inch shell as a pet for her birthday. Which is the most likely causative organism for the infant’s gastroenteritis?
An asymptomatic 10-year-old child is diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection during a routine screening. The initial laboratory workup shows a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of 650 cells/μL and a plasma HIV RNA level of 15,000 copies/mL. What is the most appropriate next step in the management of this child?
A pediatrician in rural California is treating a 9-month-old infant who presents with sudden onset of fever, vomiting, and convulsions. An outbreak of Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE) has been reported in the region. This age group is of particular concern for WEE because?
