A 9-year-old child presents with new-onset seizures. MRI shows a single, round, enhancing parenchymal lesion less than 2 cm in diameter. The family has a history of travel to Mexico. While this presentation is highly specific for neurocysticercosis, which other condition is an important part of the differential diagnosis for a solitary granulomatous brain lesion?
A 17-year-old presents with acute, ascending, symmetric flaccid paralysis and areflexia. His symptoms began approximately two weeks after an episode of febrile, bloody diarrhea that resolved spontaneously. Which pathogen is most commonly identified as an antecedent trigger for this neurologic complication?
An 8-month-old infant, who is unimmunized, is brought to the clinic with a 4-day history of fever, a prominent cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis with photophobia. On examination, you identify several bluish-white spots on the inner aspects of the cheeks. These spots, which are pathognomonic for measles, are known as what?
An 11-year-old boy presents to an urgent care clinic five days after returning from a vacation in Puerto Rico. He complains of an abrupt onset of high fever, a severe headache behind his eyes, and significant muscle and joint pain. His mother notes a faint, macular rash appeared on the first day of his fever. This clinical syndrome is most consistent with?
A 17-year-old healthy adolescent is preparing for college and will be living in a dormitory. They received their first meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine at age 11 and a booster dose at age 16. Their parents ask about vaccination against serogroup B meningococcal disease. What is the most appropriate recommendation?
A 10-year-old boy sustains a deep laceration on his leg after falling into a freshwater pond during the summer. Two days later, the wound appears erythematous and swollen and is draining purulent fluid. A wound culture is obtained. Which aquatic organism should be highly suspected given this exposure?
A 7-year-old girl presents with a low-grade fever, malaise, and prominent postauricular and suboccipital lymphadenopathy. A fine, pink, non-confluent maculopapular rash appeared on her face and has now spread to her trunk. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A nurse is providing care for a 10-year-old child admitted with probable Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) after returning from an outbreak area in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. To prevent transmission, the nurse must adhere to strict precautions, understanding that EVD is most commonly spread through which route?
A 15-year-old girl presents to establish care and has not received any doses of the human papillomavirus vaccine. Her mother agrees to start the series today. What is the correct schedule to complete her human papillomavirus vaccination series?
A 7-year-old boy from Arkansas presents in July with a 4-day history of fever to 39°C (102.2°F), malaise, and a single, painful, swollen lymph node in his right axilla. On examination, a tender papule that is beginning to ulcerate is noted on his right forearm. His mother recalls removing a tick from that arm last week. Which clinical syndrome of tularemia does this presentation most represent?
