An infant presents with a solitary, 3-cm, tan, rubbery plaque on his back. When the lesion is rubbed vigorously, it becomes erythematous and edematous. Laboratory investigation in patients with this class of disorder often reveals an elevation of which serum marker?
A 6-week-old infant develops a rapidly enlarging, firm, purple plaque on his trunk. He subsequently becomes acutely ill with petechiae, ecchymoses, and severe anemia. Laboratory studies reveal profound thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and hypofibrinogenemia. Which underlying vascular tumor is most likely responsible for this presentation?
A 16-year-old girl who shaves her legs develops a pruritic eruption of erythematous papules and pustules on her shins. After she applies a superpotent topical corticosteroid, the eruption worsens, with deeper, granulomatous nodules forming. This penetration of fungal organisms along the hair follicle is known as?
A 5-year-old with varicella develops a high fever and a rapidly expanding area of erythema and tense edema on his leg that is exquisitely painful, disproportionate to the cutaneous signs. Necrotizing fasciitis is suspected. Which of the following is a key initial step in management?
A 9-year-old girl presents with intensely pruritic, violaceous, polygonal, flat-topped papules on the flexor surfaces of her wrists. Close inspection reveals fine white lines (Wickham’s striae), and linear lesions are noted in areas of scratching. For a patient with severe, widespread, intractable disease, which of the following second-line treatments would be most appropriate?
A 15-year-old female presents for evaluation of thickened, dystrophic nails and hyperkeratosis of her palms and soles. She has sparse hair but reports normal sweating and has no dental abnormalities. This constellation of findings is most characteristic of which ectodermal dysplasia, caused by a pathogenic variant in the GJB6 gene?
An 8-year-old institutionalized patient with Down syndrome develops diffuse, hyperkeratotic, crusted, and scaling plaques over his skin and scalp. His nails are thickened and dystrophic. A skin scraping reveals a massive number of Sarcoptes scabiei mites. What is the most appropriate treatment for this crusted (Norwegian) scabies?
A 4-year-old girl is noted to have flattening and concavity of her nail plates, giving them a “spoon-shaped” appearance. Her mother is concerned, but the child is otherwise healthy and meeting all developmental milestones. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?
An 8-year-old boy presents with an intensely pruritic, symmetric, papulovesicular eruption on his elbows and knees. He has a known history of asymptomatic gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Which oral medication provides the most immediate relief from his intense pruritus?
A newborn presents with a giant “bathing suit” nevus covering the entire lower trunk and buttocks, along with over 20 smaller satellite nevi. An MRI of the head and spine is recommended due to the increased risk of neurocutaneous melanocytosis. This infant is also at the highest risk for developing which malignancy, typically before the age of 10?
