A formula-fed preterm infant with feeding intolerance and residual gastric aspirates shows abdominal radiograph evidence of pneumatosis intestinalis. Which preventative strategy may have reduced this risk?
A term male infant is small for gestational age, is plethoric, tachypneic, and shows blood glucose of 32 mg/dL. Hematocrit is 72%. Which perinatal risk factor most likely explains the polycythemia?
A preterm infant on mechanical ventilation develops sudden tachypnea, cyanosis, and decreased breath sounds on the right. Transillumination reveals increased light transmission on the right. What is the next step for a severely unstable infant?
A 3-day-old preterm infant is noted to have persistent hypoglycemia despite feeding. When should glucose testing be performed in a newborn at risk for hypoglycemia?
A 36-week newborn with poor muscle tone, hepatosplenomegaly, hemolytic anemia, and edema is also hydropic on ultrasound. No evidence of maternal Rh incompatibility is found. What cellular mechanism is implicated?
A full-term neonate with tachypnea, normal breath sounds, clear chest radiograph, and rapid improvement within 24 hours most likely has which condition?
A 10-day-old preterm infant is admitted with lethargy, tachypnea, temperature instability (34.5°C/94.1°F), and poor perfusion. Labs show metabolic acidosis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Abdominal radiograph shows pneumatosis intestinalis. What is the most appropriate next step?
A term infant presents at 12 hours of life with convulsions, poor perfusion, and massive hepatosplenomegaly. Labs show Hb 3.5 g/dL, reticulocyte count 22%, and positive direct antiglobulin test. What dangerous complication may very soon develop if left untreated?
A term neonate with hypoxemia and labile oxygen requirements is found to have a preductal and postductal PaO₂ gradient. What does this suggest?
A premature infant develops reticulocytosis, anemia, and jaundice with spherical-shaped red blood cells that lack central pallor on peripheral smear. The direct antiglobulin test is negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?
